External envelope
The external envelope, including façades, cladding, and weatherproofing, shapes both appearance and performance. These materials vary widely in composition and emissions intensity. Comparing options helps balance thermal efficiency goals with carbon transparency.
VELFAC Ribo wood – Top-guided window
VELFAC
56.70
m2
Denmark
Aluminium frame 126T Punched window PVDF
Overgaard Ltd.
281.00
m2
Hong Kong
634 System Anodize Captured
Overgaard Ltd.
218.46
m2
Hong Kong
Aluminium frame Aluminium windows Strugal S53RP+ anodized
STRUGAL
117.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S53RP+ (Coated)
STRUGAL
113.00
m2
Spain
1034 System PVDF Captured
Overgaard Ltd.
336.92
m2
Hong Kong
634 System PVDF Captured
Overgaard Ltd.
215.38
m2
Hong Kong
Hicem Fibre cement board thickness 4 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
3.51
m2
India
Greencor Roofing sheet thickness 6 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
9.33
m2
India
Aluminium, Extruded Extruded aluminium and extruded thermal break extruded aluminium
Guangdong Galuminium Extrusion Co., Ltd
28,800.00
tonne
China
Curtain wall, Strugal S52CRi (66.1/20Arg/44.1 BE) anodised high secondary material
STRUGAL
84.80
m2
Spain
Aluminium, Hyperion Aluminium Profiles manufactured in China
EnviroBuild Materials Ltd.
21,700.00
tonne
United Kingdom
Aluminium, Global Primary aluminium out of India
Vedanta Aluminium
24,600.00
tonne
India
steel cladding - painted, Pre-painted galvalume steel product
JSW Steel Coated Products Limited (JSWSCPL)
10.84
m2
India
Aluminium, Extruded, uncoated
Kurtoğlu Aluminium
5,170.00
tonne
Turkey
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 12 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
10.50
m2
India
634 System PVDF SSG
Overgaard Ltd.
178.46
m2
Hong Kong
126 T Punched Windows PVDF
Overgaard Ltd.
285.00
m2
Hong Kong
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 10 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
8.48
m2
India
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 16 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
14.00
m2
India
STRUGAL S82RP (Coated)
STRUGAL
149.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S74RP (Anodized)
STRUGAL
140.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S74RP (Coated)
STRUGAL
137.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S64RP (Anodized)
STRUGAL
128.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S64RP (Coated)
STRUGAL
125.00
m2
Spain
STRUGAL S82RP (Anodized)
STRUGAL
152.00
m2
Spain
Cladding Sheet - 4.5mm
CSR Building Products Limited
5.66
m2
Australia
Cladding Sheet - 6mm
CSR Building Products Limited
6.38
m2
Australia
ZINCALUME® steel in 1.20mm base material thickness
BlueScope Steel Ltd
26.90
m2
Australia
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 8 mm
Ramco Industries Ltd.
6.78
m2
India
VELFAC Ribo wood – Top-guided window
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Aluminium frame 126T Punched window PVDF
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
634 System Anodize Captured
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Aluminium frame Aluminium windows Strugal S53RP+ anodized
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S53RP+ (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
1034 System PVDF Captured
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
634 System PVDF Captured
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hicem Fibre cement board thickness 4 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Greencor Roofing sheet thickness 6 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Aluminium, Extruded Extruded aluminium and extruded thermal break extruded aluminium
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
Curtain wall, Strugal S52CRi (66.1/20Arg/44.1 BE) anodised high secondary material
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Aluminium, Hyperion Aluminium Profiles manufactured in China
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
Aluminium, Global Primary aluminium out of India
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
steel cladding - painted, Pre-painted galvalume steel product
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Aluminium, Extruded, uncoated
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / tonne (A1-A3)
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 12 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
634 System PVDF SSG
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
126 T Punched Windows PVDF
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 10 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hicem Fibre Cement Board 16 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S82RP (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S74RP (Anodized)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S74RP (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S64RP (Anodized)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S64RP (Coated)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
STRUGAL S82RP (Anodized)
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Cladding Sheet - 4.5mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Cladding Sheet - 6mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
ZINCALUME® steel in 1.20mm base material thickness
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Hilux Calcium Silicate Board 8 mm
Fossil Carbon Footprint
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
kg CO2e / m2 (A1-A3)
Filter & sort
Ceramic / Porcelain / Stone
Ceramic
Concretes and concrete products
Autoclave concrete
Masonry and block concrete
Other cement products
Other concrete and GFRC
Glass / Glazing
Glazing systems
Primary glass
Footprint
kg CO₂e/unit
–
kg CO₂e/unit